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This presentation has been supported
by the Erasmus

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Plus K2 Cooperation Partnerships Grant.

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Innovation of the structure and content
of study programs in the field of animal

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genetic and food resources management
with the use of digitalization innovation.

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Support for the production

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of this presentation does not constitute
an endorsement of the contents,

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which reflects the views
only of the authors.

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And the Commission
cannot be held responsible for any use

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which may be made of the information
contained therein.

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The speaker of this presentation is Mrs Ewa Wójcik. 

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She’s a professor from the Institute 

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of Animal Science and Fisheries,

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faculty of Agrobioengineering
and Animal Husbandry in Siedlce

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University of Natural Sciences
and Humanities.

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She is going to present a short lecture
on the topic

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of biodiversity of animals
and its importance in breeding work. Modul no.: Precision Livestock Farming

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Biodiversity
is the diversity of all living organisms

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found on earth in terrestrialin terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecosystems

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and in the ecological complexes

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of which they are parts of 

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This includes diversity
within species, between species

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and the diversity of ecosystems

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Biodiversity occurs at three levels

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of nature organization none species,
which includes plant communities,

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landscapes, species and genetic.

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Main threats to biodiversity

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include forestry, agriculture,

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intensive
breeding and fishing and angling,

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hunting, water and marine management,

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the town and country planning

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Species protection

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in Poland has a very rich history.

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The first mention of animal protection
can be found in the following regulation

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of the year 1532, in which King Sigismund,
the old, introduced the protection

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of Bison, Aurochs, Falcons and Swans

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in the year
1578, King Stefan Batory introduced

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conservations periods for fish

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during spawning and defined the rules
and methods of their fishing

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in 1868, the national Parliament in Lviv
passed the Act for the protection

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of animals occurring in the Tatras:  marmot and wild goats

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In the year 1919 was the introduction
of the provisions

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on the protection of rare animals,
as well as plants and natural monuments.

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And in the year 1934 was the approval
of the first law on nature conservation.

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In Poland,

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we have

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many categories of endangered species

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extinct, extinct in the wild 

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critically endangered,

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endangered, vulnerable,

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near threatened least concern,

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and two more groups which are at
the lowest level in terms of danger.

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Well,

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Poland also has

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its red book of animals,

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and currently on this list

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there is one extinct species
called Tarpan.

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In 1996,

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Poland ratified
the Convention on Biological Diversity.

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On behalf

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of the Republic of Poland.

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This convention was ratified and signed
by the Presidents in Rio de Janeiro

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on the 5th of June in 1992.

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In 1996,

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acting in accordance with the message
of the Convention on Biological Diversity,

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Poland officially joined
the implementation of the World

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Strategy for the Conservation
of Animal Genetic Resources undertaken

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by FAO, Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations.

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In 1999,
work began on the National Program

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for the Conservation
of Animal Genetic Resources,

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whose primary goal was to ensure

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that the genetic diversity
of livestock necessary for food production

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and agriculture will be preserved now
and 

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in the future.

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On the 25th of April 2012,

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Poland adopted the strategy
for sustainable development

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of rural areas, agriculture and fisheries,
which is related to the concept

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of multi-functional agriculture,

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indicating the need to shape
agricultural production in accordance

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with the requirements of the environment
and landscape preservation

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A national strategy

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for the sustainable
Use and protection of genetic resources

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of farm animals and an action plan for
these resources was developed

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under the Multiannual Program
of the Institute of Animal Production

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of the National Research
Institute called Protection and Management

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of National Genetic Resources of Livestock
under conditions of sustainable use.

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The genetic

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resources of farm animals
kept in Poland are very significant.

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Each species is represented
by several breeds

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varieties and lines,

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among which there are a number of valuable
native local breeds

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produced in a specific region, perfectly
adapted to local environmental conditions,

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climate, soil, fodder, resources
and subsistence conditions,

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characterized

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by specific functional features

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and unique genotype , often
providing unique products

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traditionally used by local communities.

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All information

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on the protection of farm
animal genetic resources

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in Poland can be found at the website
listed below.

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For this vision,

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some of the livestock covered
by the Genetic Resources

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Conservation Program
in terms of cattle of all species.

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So aggressive

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of their use.

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The Polish red, the oldest Polish breed

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whose informal protection
was started in 1973,

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White backed

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a breed that has existed in Poland
for centuries.

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Later in

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the program was launched in 2003,

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a Polish red and white.

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The program was launched in 2007


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and Polish black and white

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was launched in 2008.

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Most notable

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on the first photograph,
we can see the white backed cattle

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on the second Polish red cow

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set, Polish black and white.

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And on the last photograph
we can see the Polish red

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and white cow,

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seven breeds of covered by horse

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genetic resources
protection programs since 1999,

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Hutsuls and Polish horses since 2005.

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Małopolski and Silesian horses each year

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since 2007 Wielkopolski horses,

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and since 2008, Sokólski and some horses

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on the first photograph.

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We can see it's Hutsul horse on the second
Polish horse.

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Third Małopolski horse,
fourth Wielkopolski horse.

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Then we can see SIlesian,

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Sokólski and Sztum horses.

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Genetic protection covers, breeds derived

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from primitive pigs 
from the Polish and Vilnius regions.

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The natural development

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of the pig population of local breeds

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given

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 the current market conditions,

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would be impossible due
to worse performance rates for fattening

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and slaughter in relation to meat breeds
and their hybrids

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Pigs of local breeds
have the following characteristics

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good fertility, prolificity and maternal characteristics.

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Very good meat quality

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specification genetic resistance
to diseases specific to these breeds

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and genetic and phenotypic differences,

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from breeds commonly held.

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the pigs that are

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under the genetic
protection program

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are Puławska pig, White Goldsmith's Pig,

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and golden spotted pig 

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Native primitive sheep breeds played a large role

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in the formation of later noble
regional types of sheep,

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and the old type merino was the progenitor

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of a group of merino sheep
characterized by excellent quality wool.

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Local sheep breeds are characterized
by very good adaptation

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to local environmental conditions,
minimum feed requirements

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and high resistance to diseases
and unfavorable living conditions

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protected by the genetic program
are the following Sheep breads

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Whitehead Sheep

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Podhale Cakiel, colored merino

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polish old style merino blackhead sheep

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Kamieniec  sheep, Corriedale Sheep,

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Olkuska sheep, sheep of the Foothills,

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Pomeranian sheep, Świniarka  sheep

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Uhruska, Polish heath sheep

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Żelaźnieńska sheep, Polish mountain sheep

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 and polish colored mountain sheep.

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In regards to goats,
there are three breeds

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that are under the genetic protection
program.

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These are called Karpacka  goat,  Sandomierska Goat, Kazimierzowska Goat

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Among chickens.

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We have seven breeds
that are protected by the genetic program.

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Those are two genes of the Polish crested
Rhode Island Red.

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Rhode Island, White, Leghorn, Sussex,

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POLBAR,  Green legged partridge

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and yellow legged partridge.

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The National Program for the Protection
of Animal Genetic Resources covers

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14 breeds and variety of geese,
including Bilgoraj, Zatorska .

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Garbonosa, Kartuska,
Kielecka, Lublin, subcarpatian.

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Pomeranian, Ripinska, Suwalska

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Slovak, Romanesque, Cuban, Landes

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also covered by the National Program
for the animal.

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Genetic resources are ducks,
but those duck species are

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Polish Pekin, Danish Pekin, French
Pekin, English

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Pekin and mini ducks 

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Among furry animals covered by the program are:
Popielno white rabbit,
beige chinchilla,

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white necked and pastel fox,
as well as breeding Polecat

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Also found in the protection program

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are coypu.

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These are: Black dominant
and the Golden non albino white, Sable,

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Pearly and 

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Greenlandic.

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Fish are also protected by the program.

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The fish covered are the Rainbow trout.

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Zator Carp, Starzawa Carp
Lithuanian carp.

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Ukrainian carp and polish Golyski Carp.

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The bees, which are also protected
are the Campino

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Augustów, Asta,
Kraińska line Good.

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https://www.ekologia.pl/srodowisko/przyroda/rys-opis-wystepowanie-i-zdjecia-zwierze-rys-ciekawostki,22682.html
https://www.ekologia.pl/wiedza/zwierzeta/swistak
https://www.ekologia.pl/srodowisko/przyroda/bielik-opis-wystepowanie-i-zdjecia-ptak-bielik-ciekawostki,28181.html
https://dinoanimals.pl/zwierzeta/morswin-phocoena-phocoena/
http://www.drapiezniki.pl/481-niedzwiedz-brunatny.html
https://visitmalopolska.pl/en_GB/-/tatry-moc-gor-
https://tamtrongroup.com/pl/przemyslu/lesnictwo/
https://www.sadyogrody.pl/agrotechnika/103/nowoczesne_rolnictwo_moze_isc_w_parze_z_bioroznorodnoscia,2522.html
https://dzielonaturyblog.wordpress.com/2016/11/18/kontrowersje-wokol-myslistwa/
https://swiatrolnika.info/informacje/
https://www.ekologia.pl/ciekawostki/sukces-w-tatrach-zyje-coraz-wiecej-kozic,20000.html
https://hotel-polska.eu/zagospodarowanie-przestrzenne/
https://turystyka.wp.pl/puszcza-bialowieska-zubr-zaatakowal-turyste-6551516419685248a
https://www.ekologia.pl/srodowisko/przyroda/kozica-tatrzanska-opis-wystepowanie-i-zdjecia-zwierze-kozica-tatrzanska-ciekawostki,23377.html
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarpan_%28ko%C5%84%29
https://kliniska.szczecin.lasy.gov.pl/aktualnosci/-/asset_publisher/Wo5w/content/kilka-slow-o-koniku-polskim-
http://www.bioroznorodnosc.izoo.krakow.pl/
https://izoo.krakow.pl/

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Thank you for your attention.